What is NIS 2

Energy

Covers the crucial energy sectors of electricity, oil, and gas, underscoring their importance in everyday functions and the need for cybersecurity.

Transport

Focuses on the major modes of transport: air, rail, sea, and road, highlighting their role in connecting people and places.

Healthcare

Prioritizes the protection of healthcare settings, encompassing both public hospitals and private clinics, given their role in public welfare.

Public Administration

Emphasizes the protection of public services, reflecting the directive's commitment to ensure uninterrupted and secure administrative functions.

Banking & Financial Market Infrastructure

Addresses the backbone of our financial system, spotlighting areas like payment services that facilitate economic activities.

Digital Infrastructures

Targets foundational digital services, such as those providing DNS and TLD registries, acknowledging their role in the digital ecosystem.

Water Supply

Focuses on the preservation and security of both drinking water and wastewater systems, which are vital for public health.

Space

Illuminates the strategic significance of the space sector, ensuring it meets high cybersecurity standards given its impact on various technologies and services.

Public telecom & ISP providers

Those offering publicly available communication networks and services, such as telecom companies and internet service providers.

Trust service providers

Entities that offer digital trust services, ensuring the authenticity of electronic transactions and communications.

Sole providers of a critical service

Unique entities that are the only sources of specific, vital services critical to daily operations or infrastructure.

TLD registries & DNS providers

Organizations managing top-level domain listings and the systems directing internet traffic to the correct addresses.

Domain name registrars

Businesses that oversee the reservation of internet domain names, ensuring each is unique and correctly assigned.

Entities crucial for safety, security, or health

Vital organizations whose disruption could jeopardize public safety, security measures, or health outcomes.

Central or regional public administration entities

Main governmental bodies at central or regional levels, playing a pivotal role in public governance and administration.

All other entities if:

The entity is the sole provider in a Member State of a service which is essential for the maintenance of critical societal or economic activities;
Disruption of the service provided by the entity could have a significant impact on public safety, public security or public health;
Disruption of the service provided by the entity could induce a significant systemic risk, in particular for sectors where such disruption could have a cross-border impact;
The entity is critical because of its specific importance at national or regional level for the particular sector or type of service, or for other interdependent sectors in the Member State;”

If a Member State has defined that entity as a “critical entity” according to Critical Entities Resilience (CER) Directive (EU) 2022/2557

Digital Providers

Encompassing a broad array of digital services such as search engines, online marketplaces, and social networks, this sector is pivotal in today's interconnected world.

Food

Covering the full spectrum from farm to fork, this sector ensures that every stage—from farming and processing to retail—is secure and robust.

Postal & Courier Services

As the lifeline for communications and goods delivery, this sector must uphold a fortified digital defense, ensuring consistent and safe operations.

Research organizations

As a hub of innovation and progress, this sector is pivotal, driving forward scientific breakthroughs while being a potential target for cyber threats.

Chemicals

This sector, vital for Europe's industrial competitiveness, spans from the creation to the distribution of chemicals, serving as a bedrock for innovative solutions.

Manufacturing

A broad field that includes the making of items like medical devices, electronics, machinery, vehicles, and transport equipment, it's at the heart of Europe's production capabilities.